M13 - Angkar's Original Killing Machine - The Blueprint for S21

M13, was the security centre for the Khmer Rouge Western Zone from 1971-1975. It was under the control of Duch, the torturer who would eventually oversee S21 (Tuol Sleng). This was an 'experimental school in brutality', where Duch and his subordinates learned the terrifying trade of torture and dehumanisation that would be used at S21. M13 was the original Khmer Rouge killing machine, where many Cambodians were killed before the regime was in power.

Special thanks to Dr Craig Etcheson and Nic Dunlop who provided insights and material for this video.

Sources:
ECCC Trial Transcripts April / May 2009 (Duch Trial)
The Lost Executioner - Nic Dunlop
"M13 Still Feared by Living" - Heng Chivoan, Phnom Penh Post, April 22, 2009
The Gate - Francois Bizot