Top 10 Countries by research and development spending (1960 - 2019)

Gross domestic spending on R&D is defined as the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D carried out by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc., in a country. It includes R&D funded from abroad, but excludes domestic funds for R&D performed outside the domestic economy. This indicator is measured in USD constant prices using 2010 base year and Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) and as percentage of GDP. (OECD)

list of countries by research and development (R&D) spending in real terms and as per latest data available.


Data - UNESCO
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